As a medical clinic, we see firsthand how diabetes can impact lives, health, and well-being. It’s a complex condition, but it’s one that can be managed effectively with the right knowledge, tools, and lifestyle adjustments. Whether you’re newly diagnosed, have been managing diabetes for years, or want to understand more about it for yourself or loved ones, here’s a guide on diabetes—what it is, why it matters, and what can be done to control it.

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes is a condition that affects how your body processes blood sugar, or glucose. Glucose is vital for energy, but when you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t produce enough insulin (the hormone that helps cells use glucose) or can’t use it effectively. This can lead to high blood sugar, which, over time, damages blood vessels and organs.

There are three main types:

1. Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune condition where the body attacks insulin-producing cells. People with Type 1 need insulin injections or an insulin pump to manage their blood sugar.
2. Type 2 Diabetes: More common, Type 2 develops when the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough of it. Lifestyle factors, genetics, and age all play roles.
3. Gestational Diabetes: This type occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves after birth but increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes later in life.

Why Diabetes Management is Important

If left unmanaged, high blood sugar can lead to serious complications, including:

• Heart disease and stroke: Diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular issues.
• Kidney damage: High blood sugar can damage kidneys over time.
• Nerve damage: Peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage) is a common result of prolonged high blood sugar.
• Eye problems: Diabetic retinopathy can lead to vision loss if not monitored and managed.

Managing diabetes isn’t just about reducing sugar intake; it’s about adopting a lifestyle that supports your whole body and minimizes complications.

Key Steps in Diabetes Management

Managing diabetes involves a team effort between you, your family, and your healthcare providers. Here are essential steps:

1. Monitoring Blood Sugar

Regular blood sugar checks are fundamental. For those on insulin, checking multiple times a day helps adjust dosage, while those with Type 2 may need to check less frequently. Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGMs) can provide real-time glucose data, making it easier to stay on track.

2. Dietary Changes

Diet is critical in managing blood sugar. While each person’s needs differ, general tips include:

• • Carbohydrate control: Carbs impact blood sugar directly, so choosing whole grains, legumes, and fiber-rich foods helps regulate levels.
  • Balanced meals: Include healthy fats and proteins with carbs to stabilize blood sugar.
  • Avoiding sugary foods and drinks: These can cause spikes in blood sugar.

3. Physical Activity

Exercise lowers blood sugar and improves insulin sensitivity. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate activity weekly, like walking, cycling, or swimming. But remember, exercise can impact blood sugar differently, so monitor your levels, especially after starting a new activity.

4. Medication and Insulin Management

Type 1 diabetes requires insulin, and many with Type 2 benefit from medication to help the body use insulin effectively. It’s essential to follow your prescribed regimen and communicate any side effects or issues you may have, as adjustments may be needed.

5. Regular Check-Ups

Diabetes is not a “set it and forget it” condition. Regular follow-up appointments help monitor your A1C (a blood test that measures average blood sugar over three months), kidney function, eye health, and more.

Breaking Down Myths About Diabetes

Myth 1: “Diabetes is only for people who eat too much sugar.”

Reality: Diabetes has genetic, lifestyle, and sometimes autoimmune causes, and it’s not simply a result of sugar intake.

Myth 2: “If you have diabetes, you can’t enjoy carbs.”

Reality: People with diabetes can eat carbs, but it’s essential to manage portions and pair them with fiber and protein.

Myth 3: “Only older adults get Type 2 diabetes.”

Reality: Type 2 diabetes can develop at any age, especially with today’s sedentary lifestyles.

How Your Physician Can Help

Managing diabetes involves several areas of care, and the St. Gianna Clinic is here to help:

• Personalize your treatment: Everyone’s diabetes journey is unique, and we can help tailor your plan to your needs and goals.
• Coordinate care: From endocrinologists to dietitians, we can connect you with specialists for comprehensive support.
• Support mental health: Managing diabetes can be challenging, and emotional well-being is part of overall health.

Remember, managing diabetes is a marathon, not a sprint. You’re not alone on this journey—let our providers work together with you to achieve a healthier, more balanced life. If you have questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to reach out to the St. Gianna Clinic at www.stgiannaclinic.com or 920-605-3115.